MQTT服务器部署
安装 Mosquitto
https://learningsky.io/install-mosquitto-mqtt-message-broker-on-raspberry-pi-and-python-publish-subscription/
stevenroc@stevenroc:~ $ mosquitto -v
726890289: mosquitto version 2.0.11 starting
步骤 1. 获取终端更新服务器的套件文件清单
一、
请在终端机输入下方指令
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y
二、
sudo apt-get install -y mosquitto mosquitto-clients
三、
1设置 Mosquitto
步骤1.获取Raspberry Pi的IP
hostname -I
192.168.110.15
2、修改IP地址192.168.110.15
sudo vi /etc/mosquitto/mosquitto.conf
allow_anonymous true
##listener 1883 192.168.110.15
#listener 1883 Rpi-IP
#allow_anonymous true
#allow_anonymous false
#listener 1883 192.168.110.15
#password_file /etc/mosquitto/pwdfile
allow_anonymous false
listener 1883
protocol mqtt
password_file /etc/mosquitto/pwdfile
# Websockets
listener 8083
protocol websockets
#后面增加SSL 证书配置文件支持ssl访问连接
3、延迟启动
sudo systemctl enable mosquitto
sudo systemctl restart mosquitto
sudo systemctl status mosquitto
sudo service mosquitto stop
sudo service mosquitto start
4、
mosquitto_sub -h Rpi-IP -t msg/info
mosquitto_sub -h 192.168.110.15 -t msg/info
5、
mosquitto_pub -h Rpi-IP -t msg/info -m “hello world”
mosquitto_pub -h 192.168.110.15 -t msg/info -m “hello world”
6、增加第2个用户名 mqtt 和密码 mqtt1289A
stevenroc@stevenroc:/opt/openAI/frp $ sudo mosquitto_passwd /etc/mosquitto/pwdfile mqtt
Password:
Reenter password:
stevenroc@stevenroc:/opt/openAI/frp $
用户名：mqtt
密码：mqtt1289A
四、python3编译py脚本
pip install paho-mqtt==1.6.1 –break-system-packages
五、sub订阅
cd /opt/openAI/project/002.mqtt
sudo nano mqttsub.py
import paho.mqtt.client as mqtt
import json
MQTT_SERVER = “192.168.110.15”
MQTT_PORT = 1883
MQTT_ALIVE = 60
MQTT_TOPIC = “msg/info”
def on_connect(client, userdata, flags, rc):
print(“Connected with result code “+str(rc))
client.subscribe(MQTT_TOPIC)
def on_message(client, userdata, msg):
# print(f”{msg.topic}: {msg.payload.decode(‘utf-8’)}”
print(f”{msg.topic} – data1: {json.loads(msg.payload)[‘data1’]}, data2: {json.loads(msg.payload)[‘data2’]}”)
mqtt_client = mqtt.Client()
mqtt_client.on_connect = on_connect
mqtt_client.on_message = on_message
mqtt_client.connect(MQTT_SERVER, MQTT_PORT, MQTT_ALIVE)
mqtt_client.loop_forever()
六、发布
cd /opt/openAI/project/002.mqtt
sudo nano mqttpub.py
import paho.mqtt.client as mqtt
import json
import random
MQTT_SERVER = “192.168.110.15”
MQTT_PORT = 1883
MQTT_ALIVE = 60
MQTT_TOPIC = “msg/info”
mqtt_client = mqtt.Client()
mqtt_client.connect(MQTT_SERVER, MQTT_PORT, MQTT_ALIVE)
def publish():
payload = {
‘data1’: random.random(),
‘data2’: random.random()
}
print(f”payload: {payload}”)
mqtt_client.publish(MQTT_TOPIC, json.dumps(payload), qos=1)
mqtt_client.loop(2,10)
no = 1
while no < 51:
publish()
no = no + 1
七、测试
stevenroc@stevenroc:/opt/openAI/project/002.mqtt $ python mqttsub.py
stevenroc@stevenroc:/opt/openAI/project/002.mqtt $ python mqttpub.py
一、错误如下
stevenroc@stevenroc:~ $ pip install paho-mqtt==1.6.1
error: externally-managed-environment
× This environment is externally managed
╰─> To install Python packages system-wide, try apt install
python3-xyz, where xyz is the package you are trying to
install.
If you wish to install a non-Debian-packaged Python package,
create a virtual environment using python3 -m venv path/to/venv.
Then use path/to/venv/bin/python and path/to/venv/bin/pip. Make
sure you have python3-full installed.
For more information visit http://rptl.io/venv
note: If you believe this is a mistake, please contact your Python installation or OS distribution provider. You can override this, at the risk of breaking your Python installation or OS, by passing –break-system-packages.
解决如下：
https://www.cnblogs.com/zhaohuaxishi/p/17515019.html
解决使用pip3 install 时出现的“error: externally-managed-environment”方案
当我使用pip3 install 来安装一些需要使用到的包时，出现了如下错误:
pip install paho-mqtt==1.6.1 –break-system-packages
一、mosquitto.service服务延迟10s启动
mosquitto查找服务文件位置 mosquitto.service
stevenroc@stevenroc:/ $ sudo find / -name mosquitto.service
/sys/fs/cgroup/system.slice/mosquitto.service
/etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mosquitto.service
find: ‘/run/user/1000/gvfs’: Permission denied
find: ‘/run/user/1000/doc’: Permission denied
/usr/lib/systemd/system/mosquitto.service
/var/lib/systemd/deb-systemd-helper-enabled/multi-user.target.wants/mosquitto.service
mosquitto.service
二、查找快捷方式文件具体位置
stevenroc@stevenroc:/ $ sudo ls -l /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants
total 0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 35 Aug 29 20:46 apache2.service -> /lib/systemd/system/apache2.service
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 37 Sep 17 10:54 mosquitto.service -> /lib/systemd/system/mosquitto.service
三、修改mosquitto服务延迟启动
/lib/systemd/system/mosquitto.service
sudo nano /lib/systemd/system/mosquitto.service
[Unit]
Description=Mosquitto MQTT Broker
Documentation=man:mosquitto.conf(5) man:mosquitto(8)
After=network.target
Wants=network.target
[Service]
Type=notify
NotifyAccess=main
ExecStartPre=/bin/sleep 10
#Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=10s
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mosquitto -c /etc/mosquitto/mosquitto.conf
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID
Restart=on-failure
ExecStartPre=/bin/mkdir -m 740 -p /var/log/mosquitto
ExecStartPre=/bin/chown mosquitto /var/log/mosquitto
ExecStartPre=/bin/mkdir -m 740 -p /run/mosquitto
ExecStartPre=/bin/chown mosquitto /run/mosquitto
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
八、mqtt连接、mqtt ws web连接
mqtt mosquitto mqtt web配置
#allow_anonymous true
#allow_anonymous false
#listener 1883 192.168.110.15
#password_file /etc/mosquitto/pwdfile
allow_anonymous false
listener 1883
protocol mqtt
password_file /etc/mosquitto/pwdfile
# Websockets
listener 8083
protocol websockets
九、mqtt测试 （用户名密码测试）
1、mosquitto
MQTT服务器部署
2、mqtt客户端测试
3、mqtt客户端测试
4、
https://www.cnblogs.com/zkwarrior/p/10950294.html
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_22111417/article/details/84142509
设置用户名和密码
找到用户密码文件在安装bin下：
1： 打开mosquitto.conf文件，找到allow_anonymous节点，这个节点作用是，是否开启匿名用户登录，默认是true。打开此项配置（将前面的 # 号去掉）之后将其值改为true
修改前：#allow_anonymous
修改后：allow_anonymous false
2： 找到password_file节点，这个节点是告诉服务器你要配置的用户将存放在哪里。打开此配置并指定pwfile.example文件路劲（注意是绝对路劲）
修改前：#password_file
修改后：password_file /etc/mosquitto/pwfile.example （这里的地址根据自己文件实际位置填写）
3： 创建用户名和密码、打开命令窗口 键入如下命令：
mosquitto_passwd -c /etc/mosquitto/pwfile.example admin
提示连续两次输入密码、创建成功。命令解释： -c 创建一个用户、/etc/mosquitto/pwfile.example 是将用户创建到 pwfile.example 文件中、admin 是用户名。
4： 创建mosquitto用户。在命令窗口键入如下命令：
mosquitto_passwd /etc/mosquitto/pwfile.example mosquitto
同样连续会提示连续输入两次密码。注意第二次创建用户时不用加 -c 如果加 -c 会把第一次创建的用户覆盖。
至此两个用户创建成功，此时如果查看 pwfile.example 文件会发现其中多了两个用户。
mosquitto_sub.exe -h 127.0.0.1 -p 1883 -u admin -P 111 –cafile G:/mosquitto/InstallMosquitto/OpenSSL-Win64/bin/ca.crt -v -t #
mosquitto_pub.exe -h 127.0.0.1 -p 1883 -u admin -P 111 –cafile G:/mosquitto/InstallMosquitto/OpenSSL-Win64/bin/ca.crt -t topic -m “hello world”
mosquitto.exe -v -c mosquitto.conf
六、
Mosquitto用户名密码配置-MQTT
tuzirou
于 2024-01-09 14:53:27 发布
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文章标签： 网络协议
版权
Mosquitto服务器搭建成功之后，可以考虑设置用户名与密码，增加服务其安全性。
方法如下：
1、找到并打开Mosquitto服务器的配置文件 /etc/mosquitto/mosquitto.conf
2、将其中的配置选项allow_anonymous改为 false，禁止匿名登录
allow_anonymous false
3、将密码配置选项配置如下：
password_file /etc/mosquitto/pwfile
4、如果该目录下没有该文件，则进入该目录，并拷贝一份，命令如下：
cp pwfile.example pwfile
5、添加用户信息。在终端执行以下代码，应用mosquitto_passwd命令创建用户名
mosquitto_passwd -c /etc/mosquitto/pwfile username
执行以后会提示输入密码，重复2次输入之后，用户名密码配置完成。
6、重新启动mosquitto服务之后，用户名密码生效
mosquitto -c /etc/mosquitto/mosquitto.conf
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原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/tuzirou/article/details/135480278
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